Liberalizacija tržišta usluga ima za cilj poduzetnicima olakšati poslovanje na hrvatskom odnosno europskom unutarnjem tržištu. Takva regulatorna reforma otvara prostor za povećanje gospodarske aktivnost, produktivnosti, tržišne konkurencije i izvoza te konkurentnije određivanje cijena.
Usluge uključujući desetke odnosno nekoliko stotina djelatnosti i profesija u kojima se stvara značajna većina gospodarske vrijednosti. Među njima su primjerice i profesionalne i poslovne usluge koje bitno doprinose stvaranju dodane vrijednosti i same industrije.
Manje prepreka
Zato Ministarstvo u nužnoj suradnji s nadležnim tijelima aktivno radi na horizontalnom poticanju daljnjeg
smanjivanja birokracije i administrativnih prepreka u sektorskim regulacijama raznih usluga i profesija. Posebice se radi na smanjivanju broja prekomjernih regulatornih zahtjeva, te visokih i obveznih davanja prema strukovnim komorama.
Gospodarske koristi poslovanja na europskom unutarnjem tržištu Ministarstvo komunicira sa studentima kao potencijalnim poduzetnicima i poslovnim udruženjima.
Rezultati reforme
Ključan pokazatelj rezultata ove reforme je 286 provedenih mjera u 50 djelatnosti i profesija. Time je ostvaren cilj određen kroz
Nacionalni program reformi 2020. Ujedno se
ostvaruje planirana dinamika provedbe dodatnih mjera, tako da ih bude kumulativno barem 300 do kraja 2024., kako određuju NPOO i
Nacionalni program reformi 2023.
Opsežna metodologija
Prema OECD-ovim
podacima iz petogodišnjeg izvješća
Product Market Regulation (
PMR 2018 u odnosu na
PMR 2013),
ukupna reguliranost hrvatskog gospodarstva i tržišta usluga snižena je s najviše na prosječnu odnosno srednju razinu EU-a i OECD-a, a u nekim sektorima i ispod tog prosjeka. U međuvremenu je reguliranost snižena ispod tog prosjeka (pogotovo uslijed olakšanja pokretanja poslovanja putem sustava
START).
Među mjerenim sektorima i područjima, navedeni rezultat uključuje glavne tržišne profesije (računovođe, arhitekti, inženjeri i agenti za nekretnine), taksisti, cestovni promet, energetiku, telekomunikacije, distributivnu trgovinu, javnu nabavu, strana ulaganja i pokretanje poslovanja.
Dokumenti Vlade
Cilj ove reforme je primjenom PMR metodologije
smanjenjem reguliranosti profesija nastaviti poticati konkurenciju na tržištu usluga. Time bi se otvorio prostor za povećanje inovativnosti i produktivnosti gospodarstva, (samo)zapošljavanje i konkurentnije cijene usluga. -
Nacionalni program reformi 2020.
Liberalizacija tržišta usluga također se provodi
kako bi se dodatno otvorio institucionalni okvir za potencijalno nove i postojeće poduzetnike iz privatnog sektora profesionalnih usluga. U pogledu očekivanih gospodarskih učinaka, reformom će se dodatno otvoriti prilike za povećanja broja pružatelja usluga, kao i moguća sniženja cijena. - Nacionalni program reformi 2022.
Cilj je ove reforme do kraja 2024. pojednostaviti ili ukinuti dodatne regulatorne zahtjeve privatnom sektoru profesionalnih usluga. Time će se olakšati pristup tržištu usluga te poticanjem konkurencije ostvariti dobrobiti i za poduzetnike i za potrošače. Pritom se uzimaju u obzir preporuke Svjetske banke u pogledu registracije i članstva u strukovnim komorama i odnosno nastavka reforme reguliranih profesija.- Nacionalni plan oporavka i otpornosti 2021.-2026. (
prilog provedenoj odluci Vijeća)
Institucionalni okvir
Institucionalni okvir koji uređuje pravo poslovnog nastana i slobodu pružanja usluga dijele sve države Europskog gospodarskog prostora (EU+EFTA) kroz
Ugovor o funkcioniranju Europske unije (članci 49.-61.). Navedeni okvir za
slobodno tržište usluga konkretnije uređuje
Direktiva o uslugama koja je prenijeta kroz horizontalni
Zakon o uslugama.
Liberalizacija tržišta usluga provodi se na razini Europske unije i shodno specifičnim reformskim preporukama u okviru Europskog semestra. Uz to, u okviru skupine
Single Market Enforcement Taskforce (
SMET) Europska komisija i države članice dogovaraju inicijative za uklanjanje prekograničnih prepreka slobodi pružanja usluga i poslovanju na unutarnjem tržištu, što je važno i za hrvatske izvoznike.
Centar unutarnjeg tržišta EU
Centar unutarnjeg tržišta EU pruža podršku lakšem pristupu europskom tržištu objedinjavajući niz institucionalnih alata koje koriste sve EU/EGP države -
sve na jednom mjestu. Pritom se koriste dva alata za administrativnu podršku lakšem pokretanju poslovanja i pristupu tržištu usluga:
Jedinstvena kontaktna točka za usluge pruža niz informacija o pokretanju poslovanja na hrvatskom tržištu usluga (
registracija poslovnog nastana,
sloboda pružanja usluga,
uvjeti za obavljanje djelatnosti i dr). Dostupan je i pristup na
EUGO mrežu koja
i hrvatskim izvoznicima odgovara na pitanja kako poslovati u Europskoj uniji te posebice
u pojedinim državama članicama. Međuresorno se nastavlja provoditi dodatno pojednostavljenje i digitalizacija procedura ishođenja odobrenja za pojedine uslužne djelatnosti. Jedinstvena kontaktna točka za usluge (kao i
Kontaktna točka za proizvode)
predstavlja uslugu podrške korisnicima kroz Jedinstveni digitalni pristupnik (Single Digital Gateway). To je europski projekt koji su sve države članice u suradnji s Europskom komisijom razvile putem portala
Vaša Europa, gdje se nalaze poveznice na niz regulatornih i administrativnih informacija za poduzetnike i građane.
Informacijski sustav unutarnjeg tržišta (IMI) je zajednički europski elektronički sustav koji
služi za prekogranično obavješćivanje o (ne)opravdanosti regulatornih zahtjeva za tržište usluga,
kako bi se sprječavala neopravdana ograničenja slobode pružanja na hrvatskom odnosno europskom tržištu. Uz to, IMI služi za
brze prekogranične administrativne provjere podataka vezane uz različita područja, čime se izbjegava prekomjerna birokracija i smanjuju čekanja odgovora od administracije.
Dodatne informacije:
pregled javne politike i svih provedenih mjera
SERVICES MARKET LIBERALIZATION IN CROATIA
Services market liberalization
aims to facilitate business operations in the Croatian, i.e. European internal market. Such regulatory reform opens up room for increased economic activity, productivity, competition, exports, and more competitive pricing.
Services include dozens or several hundred activities and professions in which a significant majority of economic value is generated. These include professional and business services that contribute to the value-added of the industry.
Less barriers
Therefore, the Ministry of the Economy, in cooperation with the competent authorities, is actively working to horizontally encourage further reduction of red tape and administrative barriers in sectoral regulations of various services and professions. In particular, efforts are being made to reduce the number of excessive regulatory requirements and high and compulsory contributions to professional chambers.
Results
286 deregulation measures which were implemented in approximately 50 activities and professions serve as a key result indicator.
Comprehensive methodology
To measure internationally comparable results, OECD’s
PMR 2018 methodology (in comparison with
PMR 2013) is applied with the support of the European Commission, and according to that methodology the
level of regulation of the Croatian economy, i.e. the services market has been reduced from the highest level of the EU to the average level of the EU and OECD. The mentioned result involves a reduced level of regulation in terms of market access (starting business, services and network sectors, public procurement, foreign trade and investments, taxi services, retail distribution, and the main market professions (accountants, real estate agents, architects, and engineers)). In the mentioned fields, the Croatian services market is among the ten with the lowest level of regulation in the internal market.
Government documents
According to
the National Reform Programme 2020. the objective is to continue to boost competition in the services market by
reducing the level of regulation of professions and encouraging the prevention of introducing new regulation of the market, services, and professions to create a space for increasing productivity and innovation of the economy, (self)employment of new entrepreneurs and more competitive prices of services, by applying OECD’s PMR methodology.
Services market liberalization is implemented also to
additionally open the institutional framework to potentially new as well as existing entrepreneurs from the private sector of professional services. With a view to the expected economic effects, the reform will create favorable opportunity for the net increase in the number of service providers, innovation, and productivity, and it will also enable better opportunities for individuals and companies as users of professional services, in terms of possible price reduction and greater choice. - National Reform Programme 2022
According to the
National Recovery and Resilience Plan 2021-2026, (RRF) and by continuation of reforms in regulated professions. Therefore,
the objective of this reform is to boost the competitiveness and productivity of the Croatian economy in a way that by the end of 2024, additional regulatory requirements for the private sector of professional services will be simplified or removed.
End-users of this reform are potential new entrepreneurs and the existing ones from the private sector of professional services and individuals and companies that use professional services. The objective is to facilitate services market entry to enhance freedom to provide services or competition.
Institutional framework
The institutional market framework which regulates the right of establishment and freedom to provide services is shared by all countries of the European Economic Area (EU+EFTA) through
the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (Articles 49-61). The mentioned framework is more specifically regulated by the
Services Directive which is transposed to the national legislation by the horizontal
Services Act.
Free market for goods and services, i.e.
removing barriers to business in the Croatian and European markets, is important for the Croatian exporters.
EU Internal Market Centre
EU Internal Market Centre supports easier access to the European market by integrating several tools used by EU/EEA countries -
all in one place. There are two tools used for administrative support for easier start of a business and easier access to the services market:
Point of Single Contact for services
provides information on starting a business in the Croatian services market (
starting a business,
freedom to provide services,
sectoral requirements, and so on). The access to the
EUGO network is available and it
provides exporters with answers on how to do business in the European Union, especially in a
specific Member State. Additional simplification and digitalization of procedures for obtaining licenses in specific service sectors are continuously carried out across sectors. Point of Single Contact for services (as well as
Product Contact Point)
represents a user support service via the
Single Digital Gateway. This is a European project developed by all Member States in cooperation with the European Commission via
Your Europe platform with links to a range of regulatory and administrative information for citizens and entrepreneurs. This way, a simple search of information is available to entrepreneurs and citizens via links, along with online notification of market barriers and an option for user feedback.
Internal Market Information System (IMI) is a joint European electronic system that targets
cross-border notification on (un)justified regulatory requirements for the services market and unjustified barriers to freedom to provide services in Croatian or European markets. Furthermore, the IMI
also serves for fast cross-border administrative verification of data related to different areas relevant to the internal market.
In this manner, red tape is avoided.
Additional information:
policy overview and a list of all implemented measures
